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300 years ago, one of the highest awards was established in the Russian Empire – the Order of the Holy Prince Alexander Nevsky. He was awarded to the generals and high -ranking officials awarded special confidence of the monarchs. The Order of Alexander Nevsky is the only reward, which, although with some changes, existed in the Russian Empire, the USSR and is awarded in modern Russia. 1 on June, 1725, the Order of Alexander Nevsky was established. A reward with a similar name, but with changes in the status and design, existed in the USSR and is still awarded in the Russian Federation. The institution and appearance of the Order of the Holy Prince Alexander Nevsky became the third in the Russian Empire – after the Orders of the Holy Apostle Andrei the First -Called and the Holy Great Martyr Catherine. The idea of ​​his institution belonged to Emperor Peter I. The monarch initially planned to hand him only for military merits. However, in fact, his widow was already established by the Empress Catherine I. According to historians. According to historians, the order first existed without a statute, so the day of its institution was considered the day of the first award. June 1, 1725, Catherine I in honor of the marriage of Caesarea Anna Petrovna awarded the Order of Alexander Nevsky the first 18 cavalry – both military and civilians. In September of the same year, the empress officially laid the signs of the order on herself, thereby increasing his status. Also on the topic “Powerful Social Lift”: what role in the history of Russia played the “Table of Ranks” 300 years ago in Russia “Table of Ranks” was released in Russia – a legislative act that determined the order of official production in the Russian … sign of the Order was a red cross with expanding ends. At first it was covered with red polished glass, and then with an enamel. Between the ends of the cross there were four golden biased eagles. In the central medallion of the sign, Prince Alexander Nevsky was depicted on a horse. The Orden star was silver eight -pointed. In its center, on a white background, a monogram of SA (Sanctus Alexandrus – St. Alexander) was located. The star rushed on the left side of the chest, and the sign on the order of the right thigh. The order had only one degree. But from the end of the XVIII century, diamond signs could be additionally handed to him, and in the second half of the 19th century, the crossed swords were added to the cross and the star received for military merits. Its width was 10 cm. They wore a tape over the left shoulder. For the gentlemen of the order, there was special clothes: red velvet eapancha (raincoat). She was shot down with white taffeta and decorated with a wide silver collar. On the left side of the Epanchi they sewed the Order Star. In addition, the gentlemen wore black velvet hats with a cross from the red tape and a white-red pen. Portrait of Catherine I © Public Property History of awards on September 110, 1725, one day with him, Catherine I granted the Order of another 21 representative of the nobility, including the Polish king August II and King of Denmark and Norway Frederick IV. According to historians, the reasons for the presentation of the Order of the Holy Prince Alexander Nevsky were not strictly regulated. “This was the personal decision of the emperor. If the monarch considered someone worthy of personal considerations, then he awarded, ”said Sergey Levin, senior researcher at the Numismatics Department of the Numismatics Department of the Numismatics of the State Historical Museum. secret advisers. The sign of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky RIA Novosti © Alexei Fights for a long time did not have his own statute. It was approved by Paul I only in 1797. The monarch officially confirmed that the high award can be presented for merits in both the military and civil service. “First of all, the Order of Alexander Nevsky was awarded by representatives of the closest encirclement of the head of state. This was a sign of the emperor’s great confidence in a particular person, ”said Sergey Bychkov, the Order of Alexander Nevsky, the Order of Alexander Nevsky, in a conversation with RT, said the Order of Alexander Nevsky to his favorite and entrusted persons. There are no common opinions regarding the exact number of cavaliers. Orders. It is reliably known about 3674 facts of awarding in the almost two hundred -year history of its existence in the Russian Empire. At the same time, the practice of depriving orders for serious misconduct was widespread, and some decrees were subsequently canceled. “The Order of Alexander Nevsky was not a very common reward. Presenting him, the monarchs noted people whose support was counted in a difficult situation, ”said Sergey Bychkov. The signs of the orders of Alexander Nevsky in different era of RIA Novosti among the gentlemen of the Order of Alexander Nevsky were the statesman and scientist Yakov Bruce, Prince Alexander Menshikov, president of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences Kirill Razumovsky, outstanding generals Alexander Suvorov and Mikhail Kutuzov, the navy Fedor Ushakov. Harvesting historians, 48 ​​times the Order of Alexander Nevsky Nevsky Nevsky Nevsky Nevsky Nevsky Nevsky It was awarded during the Patriotic War of 1812 and the foreign campaign of the Russian army against Napoleon. After the October Revolution in connection with the elimination of the old classes and the ranks of the foundation for the presentation of the Order on the previous conditions, it disappeared. However, during the Great Patriotic War, in 1942, the Order of Alexander Nevsky was established in the USSR to award the command staff of the Red Army for outstanding merits in the organization and leadership of military operations. Its sign was a red star against the background of a deckagonal plate. In the center of the star was an oval shield with an embossed image of Alexander Nevsky. The Soviet order was not officially abolished after the collapse of the USSR and was preserved in the system of awards of the Russian Federation. His updated statute was approved in 2010 by President Dmitry Medvedev. Now his design reproduces the form of a reward of the time of the Russian Empire. According to historians, the Order of Alexander Nevsky is the only reward that, although in a slightly modified form, existed in the Russian Empire, the USSR and modern Russia. “Awarding for certain merits is an important component of state policy. And the Order of Alexander Nevsky occupied his niche in the award system of the Russian Empire. Many of his gentlemen made a significant contribution to the development of the country, ”summed up Sergey Levin.

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