In Ukraine, it is limited to saying that an international mission could only be created after the agreement of the two contestants. On Lebanon, which these days is again currently due to the repeated violations of the Alto El Fuego by Israel, clinging to the fulfillment of resolution 1701, an objective that recognizes that today is far. “Doubt is how to reach a situation where the security needs of Israel and Lebanon are satisfied with a total control of the territory by the Lebanese army and without any presence of the Israeli army. Far. Both Israel and Lebanon accuse the unifile (United Nations Interine Force for Lebanon) of having failed in their objectives. Each peace operation needs the support of the host state. In the previous period we did not have the political context that allowed us to implement the mandate in its entirety, in particular for the issue of Hezbollah’s weapons. The unifil faced a limitation that had nothing to do with its capabilities, but with the lack of support from the authorities. Now we have a different context, better. Lebanon has a president and a government who have committed themselves to the implementation of the resolution of 1701. But there is much to do to reach that goal. We are halfway. Israel systematically violates that mandate. Should we modify it? R. The violence cycle began with the launch of rockets to Israeli territory. And now we see those bombings by Israel. It is a very dangerous cycle that endangers the hostilities cessation agreement. It is extremely important to call the parties to interrupt that cycle. There is a very clear commitment by Lebanon and also Israel. Resolution 1701 remains the platform for a political arrangement. Among the local population, distrust of the unifil. Can you do your job in these circumstances? R. It is a paradoxical situation. Our blue helmets generally have a very good relationship with the population. But there is also an atmosphere in which a misinformation reigns, according to which the mission works for the Israelis. Of course, it is not the case, Unifil is a neutral force. What should be the future of the unifil? R. The objective remains the total implementation of resolution 1701, which is the responsibility of Lebanon and Israel. The Lebanese army has a particular responsibility. It has been greatly reinforced in the south of the territory. But there he has to do more. It is recruiting more soldiers, in the process of deploying more effective in the area. What perspectives do you see to create a mission in Ukraine? R. Everything that can be discussed about a possible mechanism for high fire verification is very hypothetical. Right now there is no stop on fire and nobody knows how and when there may be. But he will have talked about this issue in his meetings with European ministers this week. We don’t have a mandate. But it is not difficult to imagine a high fire. And there are several scenarios open: several states or United Nations could be responsible for verification. Of course, an agreement of both parties would be necessary. And it is very likely that this mechanism will need an international mandate of the Security Council. But as soon as its modality is too early to have an idea. The Russian president, Vladimir Putin, proposed last week a government in Ukraine led by the UN and with the presence of international powers. What do you think? R. The answer is very simple: Ukraine already has a legitimate government. Donald Trump’s administration has retired from UN agencies such as WHO or the Human Rights Council. How can it affect the organism? Do you fear a total withdrawal? R. We have seen these occasional measures. But we have no idea what your policy will be. There is no US ambassador to the UN. Nor do we have the attendees who had the State Department. And, in addition, the Trump administration is in the process of reviewing its relations with international organizations, a review that will last six months. We are still very transitory. We live convulsive times, with new conflicts and threats to world order. Where should peace missions walk in this context? R. There is a paradoxical situation in which multilateralism and the United Nations are threatened by unilateral initiatives. But, at the same time, the most important problems of our time need a multilateral response. How to respond to conflicts related to international crime, climate change or development without a strong multilateralism? The vast majority of member states still have a very strong commitment. Although many aspire to a renovated system, in matters such as the Security Council or the International Financial System. (Tagstotranslate) Arab-Israeli conflict
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