The nepotism that had been going on for almost half a century in Syria ended after the overthrow of Bashar al-Assad. President Assad has fled the country. This change has come because of the rebel group Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), so it is obvious that it will also get a chance to take over power. But will this organization, once known for its extremist attitude, be able to run the country normally? Or could it be a situation of falling from the sky, stuck on dates? What is the history of HTS? The victory of the Islamic rebel alliance under the leadership of HTS has troubled everyone including the Syrian citizens. A kind of void has been created in the country after the fall of the decades-old government. Both the work and responsibility of filling it has fallen on HTS. But its history was controversial. Related news During the Arab Spring in 2011, many small rebel groups were formed. After the Assad government took over, these groups united and HTS was formed. Earlier, all these small groups were associated with Al Qaeda, although after joining, they declared themselves separate from Al Qaeda but the fear still remains. There is a reason for this also. The largest share in this organization belongs to Jabhat al-Nusra, which in its old form was completely linked to Al Qaeda. While the organization was being formed, it formally distanced itself from Al Qaeda, but the leadership and ideology of the group are still almost the same. How much political experience does it have? This is largely an organization, which works on the strength of weapons and fighters. A few years ago it started becoming stronger in select cities of the country. It formed a parallel government in Idlib city, which was named Salvation Government. This is a so-called government, which keeps interfering in administrative and civil matters. Its basic purpose was to recognize one’s existence. Well, it has no validity in the world. Till now the country continued to consider only the Assad government as real. On the lines of any government structure, it has many departments, such as justice, education, health, and administration. HTS itself runs them. The Salvation Government works according to the thinking and policies of this extremist group. What will happen if HTS comes to power? This can be understood from the case of Idlib city itself. Even though this rebel group established a parallel government in the city, the citizens themselves remained troubled by it. The group had imposed harsh Sharia law, and women’s freedom had almost ended. In addition, the Salvation Government has not received any kind of international legitimacy, due to which it also lacks initial funding. There was also instability in the city due to continuous clashes between the Assad government and HTS. It cannot be said how much the system will improve if an organization without political experience and radical thinking takes over the entire country. What could be the challenges? Millions of Syrian citizens have been displaced since the Arab Spring. They want to return now. Resetting them will be a big issue. – Many militant groups are also active in the neighboring countries of Syria, even Hezbollah kept getting weapons through Syria. It may be difficult for the two warring groups to coordinate after the coup. – In the last one and a half decade, the economic system of the country has almost deteriorated. International help will be needed to bring it back on track, for this also HTS will have to prove itself as a democratic government.