When flying into space, the human body suffers from radiation, the strongest overload and weightlessness, the doctor Ivanov said in an interview with RT, the expert of the hemotest laboratory. “The main danger of space is radiation. There, it really affects a person much stronger, because neither the thick layer of the atmosphere or the magnetic field does not protect from it. In orbit, the astronaut receives doses of radiation hundreds of times higher than on Earth. Radioactive particles can damage DNA and increase the risk of cancer. However, this is not the only threat to health: the cosmonaut’s body suffers from overloads, lack of gravity and the need to adapt to the conditions new to a new body, ”the expert explained. In his words, when the rocket starts, the astronaut experiences an acceleration that is several times higher than the gravity. Blood in such conditions rushes to the legs, and the brain lacks oxygen. A person without preparation, most likely, will lose consciousness. Cosmonauts use special breathing techniques and exercises, helping blood move to the head. When landing, such a load is usually lower, but the body will be reduced to gravity will need to be adapted to it again, ”the doctor said. There is no gravity in space, which means that the body is in conditions in which all processes proceed differently. “On Earth, muscles and bones are constantly training, resisting the strength of severity. In the weightlessness of this load, so the muscles weaken, their mass is gradually reduced. Bones also suffer, their density decreases, they become fragile. If a person has been in space for several months, he develops a condition similar to osteoporosis, and restoration can take several months, ”Ivanov explained. On the earth, the heart shakes blood from the limbs, to his heart, counteracting the power of attraction, the expert added.“ In zero gravity, this effort is not required – blood is much easier to move through the body. The heart works less intensively and can weaken over time. At the same time, the blood extends worse from the head, intracranial pressure increases, due to which the visual nerve can suffer, vision worsens, ”the specialist explained. It is possible that the immune system suffers: an increased nervous load in combination with the need to adapt to new conditions and rebuild all the processes leads to more effort on maintaining life. The conditions of the wounds heal more slowly, and the infections are harder. To withstand such loads, they choose people with initially good health in the astronauts, and then prepare for the flight for years. They train in centrifuges to get used to overloads, and learn to move in zero gravity in special pools, ”the expert added. He explained that their training also does not stop in space: in orbit they play sports on the hearts, muscles, bones, and also adhere to a large amount of protein, vitamins and minerals. The return of the astronaut is waiting for adaptation to life on Earth. The body re-accustomed to gravity and re-adapt to the loads, ”concluded the interlocutor of RT.1 on April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin opened a new chapter in the history of civilization, making a flight around the land on the Vostok-1 ship. The day of astronautics began to celebrate the next year after this historical event-in 1962. In more detail-in the RT material.
