The Serbian police were accused of applying a “sound gun” against demonstrators. What is this weapon? Can it harm health? And are there any analogues of the Serbian “guns” in the arsenal of Russian security forces? – Meduza

1 What happened? On March 15, one of the most massive protests in the history of modern Serbia was held in Belgrade. According to various sources, from 100 thousand to 300 thousand demonstrators took to the streets. During the action, the police used a special tool that forced the protesters to scatter in different directions for no apparent reason – and the human rights activists accused the security forces of using the “sound weapon. ”2 What is the“ sound weapon ”? These are devices that generate an unbearably loud sound for a person. We are talking about really high volume: it is accompanied by not just unpleasant sensations, but literally pain. Along with water tracks, traumatic pistols, electric shockers and microwave emitters, this is one of the types of non -lethal weapons, which is in the arsenal of the police of many countries to combat protesters. In some types of acoustic devices, a very high sound, “mosquito squeak”, in the range, starting from 17.6 Killer. Only young people hear it (by the way, here you can try to check what maximum frequency you can hear). Such devices advertise as a means by which homeowners can get rid of the noisy companies of young people near the house. But the police usually do not use them. For acceleration of the crowd, the crowds most often use powerful devices that generate not high, but quite ordinary sound, in the range from 2 to 4 Killerz – one to which human hearing is most sensitive. The emitter forms a focused narrow ray of high volume sound – up to 140-150 decibels (if measured near the device). This is a lot: the sound causes pain at the volume from decibels, depending on individual sensitivity, and even the ten -minute effect of such a wave can lead to a constant hearing deterioration. 160 decibel is already leading to a rupture of eardrum. The impact of the sound of such a force can cause damage to internal organs, for example, to keep in mind that a logarithmic scale is used to measure the sound strength: volume growth by 10 decibels means increasing the pressure of the sound wave by 10 times, and by 20 decibels – 100 times. What kind of devices were used in Belgrade? could use acoustic devices LRAD-450XL and LRAD-100X manufactured by American Genasys. This company was created in 2000 by engineer and inventor Elwood Norris under the original name American Technology Corporation. Norris came up with exactly how an acoustic speaker should be arranged in order to focus sound waves in a narrow ray. This made it possible to concentrate the energy of sound in one direction, and not spray it in space, because of which power was quickly lost. Thus, Genasys actually created the market for acoustic non -lethal weapons for the police and the military. Devices of this type are called LRAD (Long Range Acoustic Device – “Truck Acestic Device”). Now Genasys offers a wide range of devices of various power and different destinies – from wearable in the hand to ship units. One of them (LRAD-450XL, .pdf), very similar to the one that came to the pictures of protesters in Belgrade, is equipped with a MP3-player and the ability to record a voice from a microphone on the go. Such a message can then be played with a volume of up to 150 decibels (at a distance of one meter) in a ray, focused on 15 degrees. Everything that you say using this dynamics will be heard at a distance of up to 1.7 kilometers. The expression of the canopy at the station in the Novi-Sad led to the most massive protests in Serbia in the XXI century. Why? Medusa tells what the Serbs have been achieved, who have been going to the cavity of the canopy at the station in Novi-Sad for three months every day, led to the most massive protests in Serbia in the 21st century. Why? “Medusa” tells what the Serbs have been achieved, who have been going out into the street for three months every day, they have been used somewhere earlier? Of course. The need for LRAD for the military and security forces has been formed since 2000, when the American destroyer Cole was attacked by suicide bombers on a boat-filled explosives. The US Navy command realized that they did not have an effective means of influence on such boats at close range as there is no way to tell something crews of small vessels that they could not contact on the radio. In 2005, LRAD’s acoustic emitters used to protect the ships: it was they, for example, could drive Somali pirates from the cruise of the SEABOURN Spirit. Since then, special equipment has been used all over the world for a variety of purposes, including for dispersing demonstrations. In 2009, acoustic emitters used to disperse protests during the G20 summit in American Pittsburgh. Professor Karen Piper, who is claimed, did not participate in the shares, but simply passed by, due to LRAD, she received a constant violation of hearing and subsequently was able to sue 200 thousand dollars of compensation. In the human rights organization “Doctors for Human Rights”, say that there are few data on the consequences of the effects of acoustic weapons, but there are cases when the affected ones are known They lost their hearing, for a long time they felt pain or ringing in the ears. They emphasize that acoustic emitters are characterized by low selectivity – both demonstrators and passers -by or even police themselves can suffer from sound. 5 It is possible to protect themselves from sound weapons? Yes, but this needs appropriate training. If you use the ears for ears or just tighten your ears with your hands, this will reduce the sound level by 20-30 decibels (that is, 100-1000 times). But this may not be enough to avoid damage. It is much more effective to just stay away from the sound source: its strength decreases through the square law and outside the zone of 20 meters, the sound will probably not harm your health. In the event that this tactic is impossible, bloggers advise, in addition to plugs from foamed plastic and industrial headphones (including electronic noise reducing), use plastic shields and masks. You can look at experiments with various protective equipment here. 6A is there “sound guns” among the Russian security forces? In 2015, the Federal Penitentiary Service experienced a whisper system – these are police shields with built -in sound emitters for 120 decibels. In 2016, the order for the supply of “whisper” appeared on public procurement. But the fact that these or other acoustic guns were used to suppress protests in Russia was not reported. The output of the podcast “What happened” about protests in Serbia (Tagstotranslate) News

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